Industry 4.0

Industry 4.0 is a buzword much loved by marketing and could easily be dismissed as hype. However, the concepts underpinning it are indeed exciting. More than at any other time in history, large volumes of data are now available to us due to the mass connectivity and advanced sensors of the Internet of Things (IoT). The technology available to analyse that data and implement intelligent autonomous systems promise to lead future industry to improved efficiency, profitability and quality of life. The ability to use this data and these technologies are what defines Industry 4.0, the 4th industrial revolution.
Current Projects
The following projects are currently being undertaken by students at the University of Tasmania as part of the Engineering Honours programme.

Design of an Off-grid Semi-autonomous Hydroponic Farm

Ben Brooks
Ben Millar
The project will deliver the complete design of a closed-loop control system (a control system which uses sensory feedback), which optimizes greenhouse and hydroponic nutrient solution conditions for plant growth. Project objectives include:
  • Design of a prototype measurement system including measurement of soil pH, conductivity (an indicator of available nutrients), disolved oxygen concentration, and atmospheric temperature, light and humidity.
  • Design of a prototype control system including water pumps for controlling water flow, air pumps for controlling disolved oxygen concentration, and environmental controls for ambient huidity and temperature management.
  • Implementation of the designed prototype.
Project Topics
The following project topics may be used as a guide for proposing an engineering honours project with the University of Tasmania as part of the Engineering Honours programme.
Priority will be given to Advanced Agricultural projects.
Interested students should apply below.

Advanced Agriculture

Agricultural environments benefit from significantly distributed Multi-Agent Systems utilising artificial intelligence combined with advanced environmental interaction. Any addition of automation and reduction in dependence on manual labour can improve access to fresh produce and profitability.
Please refer to the project descriptions below.

Self-docking, autonomous quad copter for agricultural monitoring: Many agricultural settings require observation and management over vast areas. The speed and agility of small-scale, multi-rotor aircraft may offer efficient and effective monitoring of crops and livestock in these environments. Automating such an aircraft could dramatically reduce manual processes and provide early identification of problems. To this end, in this project a fully automated quad-copter will be designed and developed with recharge docking capabilities. The designed aircraft will be engineered for agricultural environments including safe operation in windy or wet weather.

Self-docking autonomous ATV for agricultural monitoring, transport and sensor placement services: Many agricultural settings require observation and management over rugged terrain. Small-scale All-Terrain Vehicles (ATV) may offer efficient and effective support to human operations in these environments. Automating such a vehicle could dramatically reduce manual processes and provide support to both manual labour and automated processes and systems. To this end, in this project a fully automated ATV will be designed and developed with recharge docking capabilities and the capacity to carry a load. One envisaged load is a mobile docking station for a fully autonomous quad-copter. A possible extension goal of this project is the automated placement of ground-based sensors around a farm. The designed vehicle will be engineered for agricultural environments including safe operation over complex and varied terrain.

Automated, ground-based irrigation system with soil moisture feedback and scheduling based on weather prediction: There is an argument for only watering when a plant needs it most, which is typically when the sun has dried up the soil. Contrary to traditional watering methods where large volumes of water are provided to plants in the evening or early morning, this approach aims to minimise water by giving plants the bare minimum they need to thrive. By watering underground to minimise evaporation and using sensor feedback to schedule and measure water delivery, only water that is not already naturally provided to the plant can be delivered. This project aims to design a subterranean sensor, control and water delivery system that minimises water consumption in a vegetable garden, on either a domestic or commercial scale. Deliverables include:

  • Select a weather prediction approach.
  • Develop a simulation/mathematical model based on evaporation, weather forecast and watering rates.
  • Design the irrigation system.
  • Build a prototype.

Design and development of additions and improvements to the opensource FarmBot system: FarmBot is an opensource hardware system that provides CNC garden automation on a 3-axis basis. It is backed by a strong and growing community who continue to develop and improve the system. However, since it is still in its infancy there is much room for extension and improvement. More information can be found at https://farm.bot. Projects involving the Farmbot include:

  • Design and develop an advanced seed dispenser with multi-seed capacity and pre-sowing soil moisture preparation capabilities.
  • Design and develop a new head with rigid attachment locking, load sensing and rotation mechanism.
  • Data collection (multi-location and multi-time) and application to decision making such as water scheduling based on an extrapolated moisture map.

Design and development of a modular smart green wall pot: A green wall or a vertical garden is a vertical structure for growing vegetation. Green walls are associated with the improvement of building aesthetics, reduction in energy costs, improvement of air quality, providing additional thermal insulation to internal spaces as well as noise absorption. Many solutions are available for green wall construction including growing medium and irrigation. The aim of this project is to design a fully automated green wall pot that features moisture, temperature and humidity sensing, and manages water supply according to the individual pot’s needs. Consideration should also be given as to the environmental needs of the space in which the pot is installed.

Smart Homes

Smart Homes incorporate sensors, communication and computational technology for monitoring, automation and control. Goals of the smart home may include residential comfort and safety, healthcare, security and energy conservation. Project topics include:

  • Residential behaviour prediction through machine learning for automation and security.
  • Home incident monitoring through realtime audio analysis.

Cloud Computing

Cloud computing can be applied to any of the other topics discussed here since it involved the advanced processing of data regardless of where that data originates. Projects may be chosen from any cloud computing topic involving the gathering, transmission, processing or distribution of IoT data. For example:

  • Distributed data transfer protocols based on Decentralised Hash Tables (DHT), applicable to agricultural, smart home, personal tracking or smart grid distributed data.
  • Development of a common, distributed protocol suite for the unification of IoT data transmission across industries.

Personal Tracking

Through internet connected personal mobile devices such as mobile phones and smart watches we already share significant volumes of data with services such as traffic monitoring and route optimisation, exercise tracking, or health monitoring. Such services process sensor data including location information, heart rate and activity. Collection of additional types of information, new data processing techniques or new applications and uses of collected data are all appropriate for project topics. For example:

  • Person identification and tracking based on personal behaviour pattern recognition.

Smart Grids

Intelligent power networks provide opportunities for improved power supply through solutions that draw from increased communication and information processing capabilities present in the smart grid. Additionally, the increased monitoring and control within components of the smart grid may be employed to improve observability, controllability and optimality of distributed components such as distributed generators (DG), storage, plugin electric vehicles (PEV), sensors and smart home devices.

Apply